Inconel and Hastelloy are both nickel-chromium-molybdenum-based alloys. The key difference between the two types of superalloys is their specific corrosion resistance properties.
Hastelloy is a compound that can resist corrosion whereas Inconel is not suitable for severely corrosive environments. Hastelloy also has more molybdenum content than Inconel, although Inconel has a higher level of chromium concentration.
Both compound alloys are suitable for different projects and workpieces due to their varied compounds.
Applications in Different Industries
- Ideal use for oil and gas industries
- Inconel can have many applications and is commonly used for propeller shafts, hot vessels for food and water, chemical processing equipment, gas turbines, aircraft, and tank trucks.
Inconel Applications
Hastelloy Applications
- Hastelloy is commonly used for pipes, and valves in chemical processing, petrochemical industries, nuclear reactors, pressure vessels and heat exchangers.
Composition Variances & Alloying Elements
Composition variances and alloying elements play a crucial role in determining the properties and performance of high-performance alloys such as Hastelloy and Inconel. These elements are carefully selected and combined in specific proportions to achieve desired characteristics such as corrosion resistance, high temperature strength, and durability. Understanding the differences in composition and alloying elements between Hastelloy and Inconel is essential for selecting the most suitable alloy for a particular application.
Inconel
Inconel alloys are known for their excellent mechanical properties such as being highly resistant to oxidation and corrosion which makes them an ideal material in harsh environments where materials are at risk of degradation.
Inconel has high tensile strength, fatigue resistance, and toughness due to its class of nickel-chrome-based superalloys.
Inconel can withstand elevated temperatures and corrosive environments which is why they are used in a wide range of applications including aerospace, chemical processing, marine engineering, and nuclear reactors.
Hastelloy
Hastelloy is a category of nickel-based superalloys containing molybdenum. Nickel has a good high-temperature resistance to the alloy. Chromium and molybdenum give the alloy corrosion resistance.
Additionally, Hastelloy alloys have excellent mechanical strength and are highly resistant to oxidation and cracking. These properties make Hastelloy a popular choice for applications in industries such as chemical processing, aerospace, and marine engineering.
The various grades of Hastelloy offer different levels of resistance to specific corrosive environments, such as oxidising acids, reducing acids, and seawater. For example, Hastelloy C276 (a Nickel-chromium-molybdenum wrought alloy), is known for its outstanding resistance to a wide range of corrosive chemicals.
Overall, Hastelloy alloys are known for their versatility, durability, and reliability in challenging environments, making them a preferred choice for critical applications where resistance to corrosion and high temperatures are essential.
Hastelloy Advantages:
- Highly resistant to corrosion
- Harder and stronger at high temperatures when molybdenum is included.
- Can withstand temperatures up to 2200 degrees Fahrenheit.
- Great for welding
- Pliable and flexible compound that can be forged and cold-worked.
- Good choice for severe corrosive environments.
Hastelloy Disadvantages:
- Stress-cracking and potential component failure can occur if Hastelloy is exposed to high-stress work processes like welding or machining.
- Hastelloy is more expensive than Inconel.
- Hazardous dust produced from work processes such as grinding, melting or welding which can cause irritation and damage to the soft tissues in your nose, throat and mouth.
Corrosion Resistance Comparison
Both Hastelloy and Inconel alloys offer comparable corrosion-resisting benefits. However, Inconel has a small advantage when used in oxidising applications. However, as it is more molybdenum-forward, Hastelloy offers better performance when subjected to reducing corrosion.
Inconel can withstand temperatures of 1800-2000 degrees Fahrenheit. They provide good oxidation resistance and exceptional fatigue strength.
Hastelloy is also a strong alloy with great oxidation resistance like Inconel. However, it can withstand higher temperatures of up to 2200 degrees Fahrenheit.
Temperature and Pressure Capabilities
Cost Considerations
The proportion of Hastelloy’s composition (nickel, chromium, molybdenum and other trace elements) and the purity of raw materials used will significantly impact the cost.
Additional factors like specialised manufacturing processes, rigorous quality control, and limited production capacity will also contribute to the costs of Inconel.
Super Alloy Machining Services
At A&M, we provide super alloy machining using Inconel and Titanium to create a wide variety of components suited to aerospace and marine sectors.
Inconel is a great choice of superalloy for aerospace and marine due to its resistance to salt. We use Inconel to make bolts, casings, rings, spacers, sheet metal parts and a multitude of components for turbine engines.
Working alongside AMRC, we are continuing to develop and master the machining processes involved in crafting complex aerospace components using Inconel.
If you have any other questions, feel free to discuss your project requirements with us today.
Hastelloy vs Inconel Frequently Asked Questions
What is the common element in all superalloys?
Nickel is the most important and shared element required in all superalloys as it stabilises the crystal structure of all alloys at high temperatures. Nickel can resist temperature and some forms of corrosion.
Is Inconel better than stainless steel?
What is the most common Hastelloy?
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To see how A&M could support your next complex manufacturing project – simply call us, or use the form below.